Well pumping unit



March 10, 1931.

R. C. BAKER WELL lPUMPING UNIT Filed May 1G. 2 ShOQiS-Sheet 1 I N VENTOI v A TTORNE1 c WM 1 W. ..\4L 0M W o .o o o f .1 M www mi 2 w u MNMyNwW/B. nl v1 E K E? 1,. 4 1 mw u. Y om MQVT Q |y ,m3 -9 4/ I March10, 1931. R. c. BAKER WELL UMPIG UNIT 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 16.

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BY 22p l #W ATToRNEx/s.

Patented Mar 10, 1931 UNITED STATESA PATENT oFFlcE REUBENVC. BAKER, OFCOALINGQA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR T BAKE?, OIL TOOLS, INC., 0F HUNTINGTONPARK, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA WELL PUMPING- 'UNITApplication led Hay 16,

This invention relates to deep well pumping apparatus and particularlypertains to a pumping unit for operating deep well pumps.

It is the principal object of the present 1nvention to provide agenerally improved pumping unit for deep well pumps by means of whichthe mechanical well load and the fluid load will be properly andentirely counterbalanced so as to minimize the power expended inoperating the pump.

Another object of the present invention' 1s to provide a pumping unithaving a hoist mechanism o eratively associated with this power plant orpulling the well. u In carrying out the invention into practlce Iprovide a pumping unit having an oscillatory walking beam and what Iprefer to term a fulcrum beam carrying a counterbalance at one end andoperatively bearing against the walking beam at the other end. Means areprovided for automatically adjusting the'position of the counterweighton the fulcrum beam so as to counterbalance-the fluid load on the upstroke of the pump in addition to the mechanical well load. Thiscounterweight can also be adjusted to accommodate different well loads.

' One form which the invention may assume is exemplified in thefollowing description 3o and illustrated by way of example in theaccompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a pumping unit embodying the preferredform of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view in side elevation of the pumping unitshowing the relative positions of the operating parts upon the downstroke of the walking beam.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view in perspective showing the construction ofthe crossheads. crossbead guides and the connection between the fulcrumbeam and the walking beam.

F ig. 4 is a fragmentary view in plan showing the manner in which thecounterweight is a5 mounted on the fulcrum beam and connected with thecounterweight crosshead.

Fig. 5 is a view in transverse section through the apparat-us taken online V-V of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a view in transverse section 192e. serial No. vavales.

through the unit taken on line VI-v-VI of Fig. l and disclosing themounting of the hoist mechanism.

l Fig. 7 is a view in plan section.

Referring more particularly to the accompanying drawings, 10 indicates awell pumpv ing unit for deep wells having a base strueture 11 mountedeither on the floor of the derrick or on a suitable foundationcontiguous to the mouth of the well. The base 11 may be of any preferreddesign but is here shown as constructed of two longitudinal channelbeams arranged in parallelism at a spaced distance apart and rigidlyconnected by suitable transverse members.

. Arranged horizontally and transversely of the base 11 at the forwardend thereof is a drive shaft 12 journallcd in suitable bearings securedon the base. To drive the drive shaft 12 I provide a motor 14 having apinion 15 keyed or otherwise secured on its shaft. This pinion 15 is inmesh with a spur gear 16 secured on a jack shaft 17 arrangedhorizontally and transversely ofthe base intermediate the drive shaft 12and the motor 14. The jack shaft 17 is also fitted with a pinion 18which. is in mesh with a gear 19 secured on the drive shaft 12.

' Through the medium of the gear train just describe operation of themotor 14 will drive the drive shaft 12 at the preferred rate of speed.It is understood, however, that I may substitute other means for drivingthe drive shaft; that is, an internal combustion engine or other powerplant may be substituted for the motor 14 or the drive shaft 12 maybedriven by a pulley from a' countershaft if it l1s preferred. In thevpresent manner of construction, however, the pumping unit is entirelyself-contained.

, Secured at opposite ends of the drive shaft 12 is a pair of alignedcranks 20. These cranks 20 are connected to the lower ends of verticallyreciprocal connectin rods 21. Arranged at the forward end of t e unitand at opposite sides thereof in transverse alignment is a pair ofcrosshead guides 22 of any suitable construction. Crossheads 23 aremounted in these guides for vertical reciprm cation. A transverse shaft24 extends transf versely between the guides and is connected to theerossheads. The opposite ends of this sha it 24 are j ournalled inbearings 25 on the tion of the motor 14 that the drive shaft 12 will bedriven to operate the cranks 20 and that the rotationo these cranks 20will be translated .byA the connecting rods 21 into verticalreciprocation of the connecting rods and the crossheads 23.

Arranged centrally and longitudinally of the pumping unit at the topthereof isa walking beam 26 pivotally connected at its rearniost end toa pair of upright walking beam compensating arms 27. These latter arepivoted at their lower ends to the base 10 to compensate for themovement of the walking beam. It shouid be stated that although thewalking beam 26 oscillates in a Vertical plane its forward end which isconnected to the polish. rod must travel in a true vertical path,

- necessitating "that the compensating `arms 27 be permitted acertainamount of oscillation.

The walking beam 26 as shown in the drawings entends centrally betweenthe crosshead guides 22 `and over the shaft 24. At the underside of thewaiking beam at a point in vertical alignment with the shaft 24, the

wailring beam is fitted with a saddle 28 which bears on a bearing member29 carried by the shaft 2a. This bearing member also bears on a saddle'30 carried upon the forward end of a fulcrum beam 31 arranged below thewailringbeam in parallelism therewith. At a p int intermediate its endsand on the underA side thereof this fulcruni beam 31 is provided with asaddle 32 which bears on a shaft 33 carried by two upright fulcrumcompensating arms 34. These latter arms are pivotally supported on thebase as indicated by the numerai 35.

At the rearmostend of the ulcrum beam 31 a counterweight 36 is slidablydisposed. This counterweight 36 is fitted with rollers 37 bearing on thebeam 31, enabling the counterweightto be reciprocated along the beam.

iorwardly of the counterweight/ 36 and guided on the fulcrum beam 31 forreciprocation is a counterweight crosshead'38.

it screw shaft 39 extends longitudinally of tim 'tulcrum beam 31 and iscollared at its foriv ard end to the counterweight crosshead 38. Thisscrew shaft 39 extends longitudinally through the counter weight 36 andis threaded to a feed nut 40 rigidly secured to the counterweight 36.'At its rearmost end the screw sha. `t 39 is titted'with a crank 41 torevolve the shaft. By revolving the shaft, the countcrweight 36' will bemoved toward or away from the crosshead 33, depending upon the``direction et rotation of the shaft. In this manner the eiifectivelpositionl of the crosshead on the fulcrum beam 31 may be adjusted toaccommodate diierent well loads.

The counterweight crosshead 38 is connected by a connecting rod 412 tothe upper ends of the connecting rods 21 so that the position of thecounterweight 36 will be adjusted along the ulcrum beam 31 automaticallyupon operation of the cranks 20. The purpose ot this will be hereinafterset forth.

A further adjustment is provided by providing means for adjusting thestroke of the connecting rod 42. This `means comprises three points ofconnection indicated by the numeral 4A- between the connecting rod 42and the upper ends of the connecting rods 21.

It is obvious that when the point of con-- nection between the forwardend of the con necting rod 42 and the upper ends o the connecting rods21 is changed, the stroke of the counterweight 36 will be altered.

In operation of the pumping unit, it is constructed and assembled asillustrated in the drawings and the screw shaft 39 is operated to adjustthe position of the counterweight so that it will be in the properposition to compensate for the well load to be carried. Likewise, thepoint of connection between the forward end of the connecting rod 42 andthe upper ends o the connecting rods 21 is determined by the well load.

Upon rotation of the motor 14, the drive shaft 12 will be driven tovertically reciprocate the connecting rods 21. Verticalreciprocation ofthese rods will reciprocate the shaft 24 and through the medium of thebearing member 29 cause oscillation of the walking beam 26 and theulcrum beam 31. Upon the upward stroke of the connecting rods 21, theentire weight of the well load including the Huid load will be imposedupon the end of the walking beam. This load, however, will be entirelycounterbalanced by the counterbalance 36 because the forward end of theulcrum beam 31 will bear upwardly against the forward end of the walkingbeam.

I desire to point out that upon commencing the upward stroke thecounterbalance 36 will be in its farthest outermost position so as toimpose its maximum counterbalancing effect on the walking beam duringthe latters upward stroke. This is due to the fact that the position ofthe connecting rods 21 will be such as to maintain the counterweightlcrosshead 38 in its rearmost position on the suicient to counterbalancethe mechanical well load and the additionalv liuid load.

After the upward stroke of the walking beam has been completed, thecounterweight 36 will be drawn inwardly toward the fulcrum point of theulcrum beam 31 because on the downward stroke of the walking beam it isonly necessary to counterbalance the mechanical well load.

It is thus obvious that I have provided automatically operating meansfor adjusting the eiective osition of the counterweight during the cycleof operationvof the walking beam, so as to properl counterweight theload imposed u on the eam. v

To accommo ate dil-ferent fluid loads the stroke of the counterweight onthe fulcrum beam 31 may be altered by changingr the point of connectionbetween the connectm rod 42 and the connecting rods 21. B y c angingthis stroke dierent :fluid loads may be properly counterbalanced. Alsoto accommodate different well loads, the hand crank 41 may be operatedto adjust the position of the counterweight 36 on the beam 31. Bychanging the position of the counterweight its elfectiveness incounterbalancin the well load is changed and therefore di erent wellloads may be properly counterbalanced.

In the present instance I have fitted the pumping unit with a hoistmechanism indicated by the numeral 46, which hoist mechanism comprises adrum 47 having the usual brake 48 and clutch 49. To drive the drum Iprovide a pinion and gear 50 and 51, the former being relatively fixedto a sprocket 52. This sprocket 52 is connected by a chain 53 to asprocket 54 secured on the jack shaft 17, so that when the motor 14 isin operation the pinion 50 and gear 51 may be revolved by the motor. Theclutch 49 is inter osed be tween the gear 51 and the drum 4 so that whenthis clutch is engaged the drum 47 will be revolved by the motor.

The hoist mechanism 46 is utilized in pulling the well. To utilize thehoist mechanism it is only necessary to remove the polish rod connectingmechanism 55 and remove the saddle 56 from the end of the walking beam,so that the polish rods will be free from the walking beam. Thepull`rope is then connected to the polish rods and the hoist mechanismoperated to pull the well.

From the foregoing it is obvious that I have provided a very eicientwell umping unit wherein the well load and the uid load will be entirelyand properly counterbalanced. Also, I have provided a pumping unitwherein the same power plant may be utilized to actuate the pump or topull the Well.

lfVhile I have shown the preferred form of my invention, it is to beunderstood that various changes may be made in its construction by thoseskilled in the art without departtory member a apted to be connected tothe(y olish rod'ofapump to o y ratejthe same, a eam pivotallysupportelppe intermediate its ends beneath the oscilatory member, a

its pivotal point, the other side 'oi the beam oppositev thecounterweight bearing against theV underside of the vertically movablemember whereby the Well load imposed upon counterweight on said. beamatone side of the vertically movable member` will be coun- -fterbalanced by the counterweight, means forv automatically adjustin theposition ofthe counterweight on the eam relative'to its pivotal pointlwhereby to` accommodate changes in well'load during the cycle ofoperation of the movable member.

2.\A pumpin unit comprisin an oscillatory walkin beam adapted to bevconnected to the polis rod of a pump to o erate the same, a beampivotally supporte interme- -`date its ends beneath the Walking beam,

a counterweight on said beam at one side of its pivotal point, the otherside ofV the beam opposite the counterweight bearing l against t eunderside of the walking beam whereby ,the well load imposed upon thewalking beam will be counterbalanced byY the counterweight, means forautomatically adjustin the position of the counterweicfht on the eamrelative to its pivotal point whereby to accommodate changes in wellload during. the cycle of operation of the walking beam, and other meansfor adjust ing the position of the ccunterweight on the i.

beam to accommodate different well loads.

3. A pumpin unit comprising an oscillatory walking eam, a second beampivotally supported intermediate its ends beneath the walking beam, acounterweight on the second beam at one side of its pivotal point, v

the other side of the second beam opposite the counterweight bearingagainst the underside ot the free end of the Walking beam whereby theload imposed on the walking beam will be counterbalanced by thecounterweight, means for automatically adjusting the position of thecounterweight on the second beam to accommodate changes in Well loadduring each cycle of'operation of the walking beam.

4. A pumping unit comprising an oscillatory walking beam pivotallysupported at one end and adapted to be connected with the polish rod ofa pump at its free end, a second beam disposed below and parallel to theWalking beam, said second beam being ivotally supported at a pointintermediate lts ends a counterweight at one end of said.

second eam, the other end of said second beam bearing against theunderside of the freeend of the walking beam, means for automaticallyadjusting the position of the counterweight on the second beam toaccommodate changes of the well load during each cycle of operation ofthe walking beam.

5. A pumpin unit comprising an oscillatory walking eam pivotallysupported at one end and adapted to be connected with the polish rod ofa pump at its free end, a second 4beam disposed below and parallel tothe walking beam, said second beam being pivotally supported at; a'pointintermediate its ends, a-counterweight at one end of said second beam',the other end of said second beam bearing against the underside of thefree end of `the walking beam, means for automaticall adjusting theposition of the counterweig t on the second beam to accommodate changesof the well load during each cycle of operation of the walking beam, andother means for adjusting the osition of the counterweight on the secondam to accommodate different well loads.

' REUBEN C. BAKER.`

